The Republic of Sudan is a country in sub-Saharan Africa.

The Sudan borders in the east for 600 kilometers on the Red Sea, Eritrea and Ethiopia, in the south with Kenya, Uganda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, in the west with Chad and the Central African Republic and in the north borders with Egypt and Libya.

In terms of area it is the largest state of the African continent,it has an area of 2,505,810 kilometers ².

Currently Sudan is a presidential republic governed by a military junta, however.

The name derives from Bilad al-Sudan, which means "Land of the Blacks" since the so called Arab territories, neighboring the southern Sahara, whose populations were just coloured.

The form of government is military council and the Head of State is: Omar Hasan Ahmad al-Bashir.



Its complexity is also evident in the territory, characterized by remarkable morphological differences:


• The deserts of the North - Nubia and the Libyan desert - split from the fertile Nile Valley where the population is concentrated in the area.

• The arid western regions of Darfur and Kordofan, where settlements are scattered in the vicinity of water sources.

• The central plains are crossed by the White Nile and Blue Nile, the heart of economic activity in Sudan, and the political power is concentrated in the capital Khartoum.

• The south, characterized by the world's largest area of marsh and flood plain - Toic – which offer excellent pastures.